Red Meat Consumption and Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Population With Low Meat Consumption: The Golestan Cohort Study
Hashemian M, Merat S, Poustchi H, Jafari E, Radmard AR, Kamangar F, Freedman N, Hekmatdoost A, Sheikh M, Boffetta P, Sinha R, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Malekzadeh R, Etemadi A
The American journal of gastroenterology · 49 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- World Health Organization
- Nonprofit
- Cancer Research UK
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- Intramural NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Institutes of Health (ZIA CP000101)
Based on 4 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2021-03-24 · Am J Gastroenterol · vol. 116 · issue 8 · pp. 1667–1675
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Cited
- 61 citations · more than 98% of similar papers · 6.3× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 47 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- Medicine, White meat, Red meat, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Odds ratio, Population, Fatty liver, Internal medicine, Quartile, Cohort, Confidence interval, Disease, Environmental health, Food science, Pathology, Biology
- MeSH
- animals, humans, diet, risk factors, meat, adult, aged, middle aged, diet records, iran, female, male, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
15 authors
From US, IR, FR, IT
- Maryam Hashemian · correspondingUtica College; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Shahin MeratTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Hossein PoustchiTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Elham JafariTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Amir-Reza RadmardShariati Hospital; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Farin KamangarTehran University of Medical Sciences; Morgan State University
Abstract
Introduction
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as the most common liver disease in the world, can range from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis. We evaluated the association between meat consumption and risk of NAFLD in the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).
Methods
The GCS enrolled 50,045 participants, aged 40-75 years in Iran. Dietary information was collected using a 116-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2004-2008). A random sample of 1,612 cohort members participated in a liver-focused study in 2011. NAFLD was ascertained through ultrasound. Total red meat consumption and total white meat consumption were categorized into quartiles based on the GCS population, with the first quartile as the referent group. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
The median intake of total red meat was 17 and total white meat was 53 g/d. During follow-up, 505 individuals (37.7%) were diagnosed with NAFLD, and 124 of them (9.2%) had elevated alanine transaminase. High total red meat consumption (ORQ4 vs Q1 = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.06-2.38, P trend = 0.03) and organ meat consumption (ORQ4 vs Q1 = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.19-2.44, P trend = 0.003) were associated with NAFLD. Total white meat, chicken, or fish consumption did not show significant associations with NAFLD.
Discussion
In this population with low consumption of red meat, individuals in the highest group of red meat intake were at increased odds of NAFLD. Furthermore, this is the first study to show an association between organ meat consumption and NAFLD (see Visual Abstract, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B944).
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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