Effects of Whole-Grain and Sugar Content in Infant Cereals on Gut Microbiota at Weaning: A Randomized Trial
Plaza-Diaz J, Bernal MJ, Schutte S, Chenoll E, Genovés S, Codoñer FM, Gil A, Sanchez-Siles LM
Nutrients · 24 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Nonprofit
- Fundación Ramón Areces
- University or hospital
- Universidad de Granada
- Government
- European Regional Development Fund
- Government
- ICEX and FEDER
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
Based on 4 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2021-04-28 · Nutrients · vol. 13 · issue 5 · p. 1496
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 26 citations · more than 77% of similar papers · 1.2× the field average
- References
- 74 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Gut microbiota and health · Probiotics and Fermented Foods · Food composition and properties
- Keywords
- Weaning, Biology, Food science, Sugar, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Feces, Bifidobacterium, Gut flora, Prebiotic, Lactobacillus, Animal science, Microbiology, Bacteria, 16S ribosomal RNA, Fermentation, Immunology
- MeSH
- humans, weaning, infant food, infant, spain, female, male, gastrointestinal microbiome, whole grains, dietary sugars
8 authors
From ES, CA
- Julio Plaza‐DíazUniversidad de Granada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada
- María José BernalHero España (Spain)
- Sophie SchutteHero España (Spain)
- Empar ChenollBiopolis (Spain)
- Salvador GenovésBiopolis (Spain)
- Francisco M. CodoñerBiopolis (Spain)
Abstract
The introduction of complementary foods during infancy marks an important step in the development of the infant gut microbiome. Infant cereals are popular weaning foods but consistent evidence on their effect on the intestinal microbiota, especially when differing in nutritional quality, is lacking. Fecal samples from 4-7-month-old Spanish infants who consumed infant cereals differing in whole grain and sugar content as first weaning foods were analyzed on changes in microbial composition by massively parallel sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene at baseline and after 7 weeks of intervention. Samples were obtained from a previous trial conducted in Spain demonstrating whole-grain cereal acceptability. In total, samples of 18 infants consuming 0% whole grain cereals with 24 g sugar (0-WG) and 25 infants consuming 50% whole grain cereals with 12 g sugar (50-WG) were analyzed. Microbial composition changed significantly over time (p = 0.001), per intervention group (p = 0.029) and per infant (p = 0.001). Abundance of genus Veillonella increased in both groups while Enterococcus decreased. Within the 0-WG group, phylum Actinobacteria decreased along with genus Bifidobacterium. In the 50-WG, we observed an increase in Lachnoclostridium and Bacteroides. In addition, 50-WG decreased Proteobacteria and Escherichia to levels lower than 0-WG. Although weaning itself appeared to be responsible for most changes, the increased presence of anaerobic fermenters together with inhibition of pathogenic Escherichia may indicate a supporting effect of infant cereals with 50% whole grains and a reduced sugar content over infant cereals manufactured with refined hydrolyzed flours on the infant microbiota. In fact, using a novel methodology for the identification of microbial signatures, we found two groups of microbial taxa predictive of infants consuming enriched whole-grain infant cereals with a high predictive value of about 93%.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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