The relationship between the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration - a metaanalysis
Oscanoa TJ, Amado J, Vidal X, Laird E, Ghashut RA, Romero-Ortuno R
Advances in respiratory medicine · 34 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2021-04-22 · Adv Respir Med · vol. 89 · issue 2 · pp. 145–157
- Cited
- 46 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 5.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 64 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Vitamin D Research Studies · Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research · Biotin and Related Studies
- Keywords
- Medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Internal medicine, vitamin D deficiency, Cochrane Library, Relative risk, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Hypovitaminosis, Epiphenomenon, Randomized controlled trial, Gastroenterology, Disease, Confidence interval, Infectious disease (medical specialty)
- MeSH
- humans, vitamin d deficiency, vitamin d, severity of illness index, age factors, female, male, covid-19
6 authors
From PE, ES, IE, GB
- Teodoro J. Oscanoa · correspondingNational University of San Marcos; Universidad de San Martín de Porres
- José AmadoNational University of San Marcos; Universidad de San Martín de Porres
- Xavier VidalVall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari
- Eamon J. LairdTrinity College Dublin
- Rawia A. GhashutGlasgow Royal Infirmary; University of Glasgow
- Román Romero‐OrtuñoTrinity College Dublin; St. James's Hospital
Abstract
Introduction
There is increasing scientific interest in the possible association between hypovitaminosis D and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and/or mortality.
Objective
To conduct a metanalysis of the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and SARS-CoV-2 infection severity or mortality.
Material and methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies published between December 2019 and December 2020. Effect statistics were pooled using random effects models. The quality of included studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Targeted outcomes: mortality and severity proportions in COVID-19 patients with 25(OH)D deficiency, defined as serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L.
Results
In the 23 studies included (n = 2692), the mean age was 60.8 (SD ± 15.9) years and 53.8% were men. Results suggested that vitamin 25(OH)D deficiency was associated with increased risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 disease (RR 2.00; 95% CI 1.47-2.71, 17 studies) and mortality (RR 2.45; 95% CI 1.24-4.84, 13 studies). Only 7/23 studies reported C-reactive protein values, all of which were > 10 mg/L. Conclusions 25(OH)D deficiency seems associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and mortality. However, findings do not imply causality, and randomized controlled trials are required, and new studies should be designed to determine if decreased 25(OH)D is an epiphenomenon or consequence of the inflammatory process associated with severe forms of SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, the concentration of 25(OH)D could be considered as a negative acute phase reactant and a poor prognosis in COVID-19 infection.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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