Salivary caffeine in Parkinson's disease
Leodori G, De Bartolo MI, Belvisi D, Ciogli A, Fabbrini A, Costanzo M, Manetto S, Conte A, Villani C, Fabbrini G, Berardelli A
Scientific reports · 16 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Case-control study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2021-05-10 · Sci Rep · vol. 11 · issue 1 · p. 9823
- Publisher
- Nature Portfolio
- Cited
- 22 citations · more than 87% of similar papers · 1.8× the field average
- References
- 37 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments · Coffee research and impacts · Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- Caffeine, Paraxanthine, Saliva, Parkinson's disease, Internal medicine, Medicine, Theophylline, Endocrinology, Physiology, Metabolism, Disease, CYP1A2
- MeSH
- saliva, humans, parkinson disease, caffeine, severity of illness index, case-control studies, aged, middle aged, female, male, healthy volunteers, biomarkers, mental status and dementia tests
11 authors
From IT
- Giorgio LeodoriIstituto Neurologico Mediterraneo; Sapienza University of Rome
- Maria Ilenia De BartoloIstituto Neurologico Mediterraneo
- Daniele BelvisiIstituto Neurologico Mediterraneo; Sapienza University of Rome
- Alessia CiogliSapienza University of Rome
- Andrea FabbriniSapienza University of Rome
- Matteo CostanzoSapienza University of Rome
Abstract
We aimed to investigate salivary caffeine content, caffeine absorption and metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD) and verify whether salivary caffeine can be used as a biomarker of PD. We enrolled 98 PD patients and 92 healthy subjects. Caffeine and its major metabolite, paraxanthine, were measured in saliva samples collected before and 4 h after the oral intake of caffeine (100 mg). We measured caffeine absorption as the normalized increase in caffeine levels, and caffeine metabolism as the paraxanthine/caffeine ratio. The Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, the Hoehn & Yahr, the presence of motor complications, and levodopa equivalent dose (LED) were assessed and correlated with caffeine levels, absorption, and metabolism. The effects of demographic and environmental features possibly influencing caffeine levels were also investigated. Caffeine levels were decreased in patients with moderate/advanced PD, while caffeine levels were normal in patients with early and de-novo PD, unrelated to caffeine intake. Caffeine absorption and metabolism were normal in PD. Decreased salivary caffeine levels in PD were associated with higher disease severity, longer duration, and the presence of motor complications, no significant association was found with LED. Salivary caffeine decrease correlates with PD progression.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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