Associations of Changes in Blood Lipid Concentrations with Changes in Dietary Cholesterol Intake in the Context of a Healthy Low-Carbohydrate Weight Loss Diet: A Secondary Analysis of the DIETFITS Trial
Vergara M, Hauser ME, Aronica L, Rigdon J, Fielding-Singh P, Shih CW, Gardner CD
Nutrients · 4 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food diaries or recalls
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Government
- NIH HHS
- Government
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01DK091831); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR003142); Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (No 701944); National Institutes of Health (T32HL007034); National Institutes of Health (UL1-TR001085)
Based on 7 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2021-06-04 · Nutrients · vol. 13 · issue 6 · p. 1935
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 4 citations · more than 55% of similar papers · 0.3× the field average
- References
- 21 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Diet and metabolism studies · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Keywords
- Cholesterol, Context (archaeology), Medicine, Carbohydrate, Body mass index, Internal medicine, Endocrinology, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, obesity, lipids, cholesterol, dietary, triglycerides, diet, reducing, adolescent, adult, middle aged, female, male, diet, carbohydrate-restricted, cholesterol, ldl, young adult, diet, healthy
7 authors
From US
- Mónica VergaraStanford University
- Michelle E. HauserVA Palo Alto Health Care System; San Mateo County Health System; Stanford University
- Lucia AronicaStanford University
- Joseph RigdonStanford University
- Priya Fielding‐SinghUniversity of Utah; Huntsman Cancer Institute
- Cynthia W. ShihStanford University
Abstract
In 2015, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) eliminated the historical upper limit of 300 mg of dietary cholesterol/day and shifted to a more general recommendation that cholesterol intake should be limited. The primary aim of this secondary analysis of the Diet Intervention Examining the Factors Interacting With Treatment Success (DIETFITS) weight loss diet trial was to evaluate the associations between 12-month changes in dietary cholesterol intake (mg/day) and changes in plasma lipids, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol for those following a healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) diet. Secondary aims included examining high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides and changes in refined grains and added sugars. The DIETFITS trial randomized 609 healthy adults aged 18-50 years with body mass indices of 28-40 kg/m2 to an HLC or healthy low-fat (HLF) diet for 12 months. Linear regressions examined the association between 12-month change in dietary cholesterol intake and plasma lipids in 208 HLC participants with complete diet and lipid data, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Baseline dietary cholesterol intake was 322 ± 173 (mean ± SD). At 12 months, participants consumed an average of 460 ± 227 mg/day of dietary cholesterol; 76% consumed over the previously recommended limit of 300 mg/day. Twelve-month changes in cholesterol intake were not significantly associated with 12-month changes in LDL-C, HDL-C, or triglycerides. Diet recall data suggested participants' increase in dietary cholesterol was partly due to replacing refined grains and sugars with eggs. An increase in daily dietary cholesterol intake to levels substantially above the previous 300 mg upper limit was not associated with a negative impact on lipid profiles in the setting of a healthy, low-carbohydrate weight loss diet.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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