Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Detected in Processed Meats Cause Genetic Changes in Colorectal Cancers
Cheng T, Chaousis S, Kodagoda Gamage SM, Lam AK, Gopalan V
International journal of molecular sciences · 14 citations
Review labels
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How it was studied
- Design
- In vitro/mechanistic study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- Cells or lab samples
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2021-10-11 · Int J Mol Sci · vol. 22 · issue 20 · p. 10959
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 22 citations · more than 76% of similar papers · 1.3× the field average
- References
- 40 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals · Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact · Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Keywords
- Pyrene, KRAS, Chemistry, Phenanthrene, Carcinogen, Food science, Colorectal cancer, Gene expression, Benzo(a)pyrene, Carcinogenesis, Molecular biology, Gene, Biology, Environmental chemistry, Cancer, Biochemistry, Genetics
- MeSH
- cell line, tumor, humans, colorectal neoplasms, benzo(a)pyrene, adenomatous polyposis coli protein, gene expression regulation, meat, meat products, tumor suppressor protein p53, proto-oncogene proteins p21(ras), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, cooking, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
5 authors
From AU, LK
- Tracie T. ChengGriffith University
- Stephanie ChaousisGriffith University
- Sujani Madhurika Kodagoda GamageUniversity of Peradeniya; Griffith University
- Alfred King-yin Lam · correspondingGriffith University
- Vinod Gopalan · correspondingGriffith University
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are commonly ingested via meat and are produced from high-temperature cooking of meat. Some of these PAHs have potential roles in carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate PAH concentrations in eight types of commonly consumed ready-to-eat meat samples and their potential effects on gene expressions related to CRC. Extraction and clean-up of meat samples were performed using QuEChERS method, and PAHs were detected using GC-MS. Nine different PAHs were found in meat samples. Interestingly, roast turkey contained the highest total PAH content, followed by salami meat. Hams of varying levels of smokedness showed a proportional increase of phenanthrene (PHEN), anthracene (ANTH), and fluorene (FLU). Triple-smoked ham samples showed significantly higher levels of these PAHs compared to single-smoked ham. These three PAHs plus benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), being detected in three meat samples, were chosen as treatments to investigate in vitro gene expression changes in human colon cells. After PAH treatment, total RNA was extracted and rtPCR was performed, investigating gene expression related to CRC. B[a]P decreased mRNA expression of TP53. In addition, at high concentrations, B[a]P significantly increased KRAS expression. Treatments with 1 µM PHEN, 25 µM, and 10 µM FLU significantly increased KRAS mRNA expression in vitro, implying the potential basis for PAH-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. Opposingly, the ANTH treatment led to increased TP53 and APC expression and decreased KRAS expression, suggesting an anti-carcinogenic effect. To conclude, PAHs are common in ready-to-eat meat samples and are capable of significantly modifying the expression of key genes related to CRC.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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