Adopting a Mediterranean-style eating pattern with low, but not moderate, unprocessed, lean red meat intake reduces fasting serum trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in adults who are overweight or obese
Krishnan S, O'Connor LE, Wang Y, Gertz ER, Campbell WW, Bennett BJ
The British journal of nutrition · 19 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Government
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- University or hospital
- Purdue University
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Government
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
- Grants
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002529); U.S. Department of Agriculture (2032‐51530‐025‐00D); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32 DK076540); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL148110)
Based on 8 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2021-11-26 · Br J Nutr · vol. 128 · issue 9 · pp. 1738–1746
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Cited
- 28 citations · more than 92% of similar papers · 3.2× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 48 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nutritional Studies and Diet · Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques · Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- Trimethylamine N-oxide, Red meat, Overweight, Crossover study, Internal medicine, Medicine, Metabolite, Carnitine, Animal science, Food science, Endocrinology, Chemistry, Obesity, Placebo, Trimethylamine, Biology, Biochemistry
6 authors
From US
- Sridevi KrishnanUniversity of California, Davis
- Lauren E O’ConnorNational Institutes of Health; Purdue University West Lafayette; National Cancer Institute
- Yu Han Daisy WangPurdue University West Lafayette
- Erik GertzWestern Human Nutrition Research Center
- Wayne W. CampbellPurdue University West Lafayette
- Brian J. Bennett · correspondingWestern Human Nutrition Research Center; University of California, Davis
Abstract
A Mediterranean-style eating pattern (MED-EP) may include moderate red meat intake. However, it is unknown if the pro-atherogenic metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is affected by the amount of red meat consumed with a MED-EP. The results presented are from a secondary, retrospective objective of an investigator-blinded, randomised, crossover, controlled feeding trial (two 5-week interventions separated by a 4-week washout) to determine if a MED-EP with 200 g unprocessed lean red meat/week (MED-CONTROL) reduces circulating TMAO concentrations compared to a MED-EP with 500 g unprocessed lean red meat/week (MED-RED). Participants were seventy-seven women and twelve men (n 39 total) who were either overweight or obese (BMI: mean (30·5) (sem 0·3) kg/m2). Serum samples were obtained following an overnight fast both before (pre) and after (post) each intervention. Fasting serum TMAO, choline, carnitine and betaine concentrations were measured using a targeted liquid chromatography-MS. Data were analysed to assess if (a) TMAO and related metabolites differed by intervention and (b) if changes in TMAO were associated with changes in Framingham 10-year risk score. Serum TMAO was lower post-intervention following MED-CONTROL compared with MED-RED intervention (post-MED-CONTROL 3·1 (sem 0·2) µmv. post-MED-RED 5·0 (sem 0·5) µm, P v. post-MED-CONTROL, P = 0·025). Exploratory analysis using mixed model ANCOVA identified a positive association between changes in TMAO and changes in homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0·036). These results suggest that lower amounts of red meat intake lead to lower TMAO concentrations in the context of a MED-EP.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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