Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Dos Santos EEP, de Araújo RC, Candow DG, Forbes SC, Guijo JA, de Almeida Santana CC, Prado WLD, Botero JP
Nutrients · 36 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2021-10-24 · Nutrients · vol. 13 · issue 11 · p. 3757
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 58 citations · more than 70% of similar papers · 0.9× the field average
- References
- 44 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nutrition and Health in Aging · Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- Sarcopenia, Medicine, Muscle mass, Meta-analysis, Strength training, Randomized controlled trial, Placebo, Resistance training, Creatine, Physical therapy, Muscle strength, Internal medicine, Creatine Monohydrate, Physical strength, Muscle hypertrophy, Lower body, Leg press, Pathology
- MeSH
- muscle, skeletal, humans, creatine, treatment outcome, dietary supplements, aged, aged, 80 and over, female, muscle strength, randomized controlled trials as topic, resistance training, sarcopenia, elder nutritional physiological phenomena
8 authors
From BR, CA, US
- Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos SantosUniversidade Federal de São Paulo
- Rodrigo Cappato de AraújoUniversidade de Pernambuco
- Darren Glenn CandowUniversity of Regina
- Scott C. Forbes · correspondingBrandon University
- Jaddy Antunes GuijoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo
- Carla SantanaUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
Abstract
Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indicates that the addition of creatine supplementation (Cr) to RT augments gains in muscle strength and muscle mass, compared to RT alone. However, some evidence indicates that sex differences may alter the effectiveness of Cr. Therefore, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of Cr + RT on measures of upper- and lower-body strength and muscle mass in older females. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. Ten RCTs (N = 211 participants) were included the review. Overall, Cr significantly increased measures of upper-body strength (7 studies, n = 142, p = 0.04), with no effect on lower-body strength or measures of muscle mass. Sub-analyses revealed that both upper-body (4 studies, n = 97, p = 0.05) and lower-body strength (4 studies, n = 100, p = 0.03) were increased by Cr, compared to placebo in studies ≥ 24 weeks in duration. In conclusion, older females supplementing with Cr experience significant gains in muscle strength, especially when RT lasts for at least 24 weeks in duration. However, given the level of evidence, future high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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