Effects of Low Doses of L-Carnitine Tartrate and Lipid Multi-Particulate Formulated Creatine Monohydrate on Muscle Protein Synthesis in Myoblasts and Bioavailability in Humans and Rodents
Fielding RA, Rivas D, Grosicki GJ, Ezzyat Y, Ceglia L, Price LL, Orhan C, Sahin K, Fowler K, White T, Durkee S, Kritsch K, Bellamine A
Nutrients · 2 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People, plus animal or lab work
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Government
- National Institute on Aging
- Government
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Government
- NIA NIH HHS
- Government
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
- Grants
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR002544); National Institute on Aging (P30-AG031679)
Based on 4 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2021-11-09 · Nutrients · vol. 13 · issue 11 · p. 3985
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 3 citations · more than 38% of similar papers · 0.1× the field average
- References
- 28 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Muscle Physiology and Disorders · Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Keywords
- Creatine, Carnitine, Bioavailability, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Chemistry, Creatine Monohydrate, Creatine kinase, Anabolism, Myocyte, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Medicine
- MeSH
- cells, cultured, myoblasts, animals, humans, rats, rats, wistar, creatine, lipids, carnitine, muscle proteins, ribosomal protein s6, signal transduction, protein biosynthesis, biological availability, phosphorylation, adolescent, adult, female, male, proto-oncogene proteins c-akt, young adult
13 authors
From US, TR
- Roger A. Fielding · correspondingTufts University
- Donato Americo RivasTufts University
- Gregory J. GrosickiTufts University; Georgia Southern University
- Yassine EzzyatTufts University
- Lisa CegliaTufts Medical Center
- Lori Lyn PriceTufts University; Tufts Medical Center
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the potential synergy between low doses of L-carnitine tartrate and creatine monohydrate to induce muscle protein synthesis and anabolic pathway activation in primary human myoblasts. In addition, the effects of Lipid multi-particulates (LMP) formulation on creatine stability and bioavailability were assessed in rodents and healthy human subjects. When used individually, L-carnitine tartrate at 50 µM and creatine monohydrate at 0.5 µM did not affect myoblast protein synthesis and signaling. However, when combined, they led to a significant increase in protein synthesis. Increased AKT and RPS6 phosphorylation were observed with 50 µM L-carnitine tartrate 5 µM creatine in combination in primary human myoblasts. When Wistar rats were administered creatine with LMP formulation at either 21 or 51 mg/kg, bioavailability was increased by 27% based on the increase in the area under the curve (AUC) at a 51 mg/kg dose compared to without LMP formulation. Tmax and Cmax were unchanged. Finally, in human subjects, a combination of LMP formulated L-carnitine at 500 mg (from L-carnitine tartrate) with LMP formulated creatine at 100, 200, or 500 mg revealed a significant and dose-dependent increase in plasma creatine concentrations. Serum total L-carnitine levels rose in a similar manner in the three combinations. These results suggest that a combination of low doses of L-carnitine tartrate and creatine monohydrate may lead to a significant and synergistic enhancement of muscle protein synthesis and activation of anabolic signaling. In addition, the LMP formulation of creatine improved its bioavailability. L-carnitine at 500 mg and LMP-formulated creatine at 200 or 500 mg may be useful for future clinical trials to evaluate the effects on muscle protein synthesis.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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