Ultra-processed food and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM, Bielemann RM, da Silva BGC, Dos Santos FS, Mintem GC, Flores TR, Arcêncio RA, Nunes BP
International journal of epidemiology · 121 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Government
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
Based on 2 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2021-11-09 · Int J Epidemiol · vol. 51 · issue 4 · pp. 1120–1141
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Cited
- 167 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 5.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 73 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling · Consumer Packaging Perceptions and Trends · Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Keywords
- Meta-analysis, Medicine, Type 2 diabetes, Relative risk, Confidence interval, Environmental health, Diabetes mellitus, Scopus, MEDLINE, Gerontology, Internal medicine, Endocrinology, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, diabetes mellitus, type 2, diet, risk, longitudinal studies, fast foods
9 authors
From BR
- Felipe Mendes Delpino · correspondingUniversidade Federal de Pelotas; Universidade de São Paulo
- Lílian Munhoz FigueiredoUniversidade Federal de Pelotas
- Renata Moraes BielemannUniversidade Federal de Pelotas
- Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da SilvaUniversidade Federal de Pelotas
- Francine Silva dos SantosUniversidade de São Paulo
- Gicele Costa MintemUniversidade Federal de Pelotas
Abstract
Background
The consumption of some food groups is associated with the risk of diabetes. However, there is no evidence from meta-analysis which evaluates the consumption of ultra-processed products in the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to review the literature assessing longitudinally the association between consumption of ultra-processed food and the risk of type 2 diabetes and to quantify this risk through a meta-analysis.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with records from PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scielo, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. We included longitudinal studies assessing ultra-processed foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The review process was conducted independently by two reviewers. The Newcastle Ottawa scale assessed the quality of the studies. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of moderate and high consumption of ultra-processed food on the risk of diabetes.
Results
In total 2272 records were screened, of which 18 studies, including almost 1.1 million individuals, were included in this review and 72% showed a positive association between ultra-processed foods and the risk of diabetes. According to the studies included in the meta-analysis, compared with non-consumption, moderate intake of ultra-processed food increased the risk of diabetes by 12% [relative risk (RR): 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.17, I2 = 24%], whereas high intake increased risk by 31% (RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.21-1.42, I2 = 60%).
Conclusions
The consumption of ultra-processed foods increased the risk for type 2 diabetes as dose-response effect, with moderate to high credibility of evidence.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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