Whole Grain Consumption and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials
Milesi G, Rangan A, Grafenauer S
Nutrients · 41 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Systematic review (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2022-01-16 · Nutrients · vol. 14 · issue 2 · p. 374
- Publisher
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Cited
- 52 citations · more than 88% of similar papers · 1.8× the field average
- References
- 62 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nutrition and Health in Aging · Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases · GDF15 and Related Biomarkers
- Keywords
- Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Internal medicine, Systematic review, Overweight, Meta-analysis, Population, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Obesity, Psychological intervention, Environmental health, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, obesity, inflammation, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, c-reactive protein, inflammation mediators, interleukin-6, adult, aged, aged, 80 and over, middle aged, overweight, randomized controlled trials as topic, young adult, biomarkers, whole grains, bias
3 authors
From AU
- Genevieve MilesiThe University of Sydney
- Anna RanganThe University of Sydney
- Sara Grafenauer · correspondingUNSW Sydney
Abstract
Whole grain foods are rich in nutrients, dietary fibre, a range of antioxidants, and phytochemicals, and may have potential to act in an anti-inflammatory manner, which could help impact chronic disease risk. This systematic literature review aimed to examine the specific effects of whole grains on selected inflammatory markers from human clinical trials in adults. As per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) protocol, the online databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from inception through to 31 August 2021. Randomized control trials (RCTs) ≥ 4 weeks in duration, reporting ≥1 of the following: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), were included. A total of 31 RCTs were included, of which 16 studies recruited overweight/obese individuals, 12 had pre-existing conditions, two were in a healthy population, and one study included participants with prostate cancer. Of these 31 RCTs, three included studies with two intervention arms. A total of 32 individual studies measured CRP (10/32 were significant), 18 individual studies measured IL-6 (2/18 were significant), and 13 individual studies measured TNF (5/13 were significant). Most often, the overweight/obese population and those with pre-existing conditions showed significant reductions in inflammatory markers, mainly CRP (34% of studies). Overall, consumption of whole grain foods had a significant effect in reducing at least one inflammatory marker as demonstrated in 12/31 RCTs.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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