Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Taneri PE, Wehrli F, Roa-Díaz ZM, Itodo OA, Salvador D, Raeisi-Dehkordi H, Bally L, Minder B, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Laine JE, Bano A, Glisic M, Muka T
American journal of epidemiology · 97 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2022-02-26 · Am J Epidemiol · vol. 191 · issue 7 · pp. 1323–1335
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Cited
- 136 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 6.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 95 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Keywords
- Medicine, Relative risk, Meta-analysis, Confidence interval, Environmental health, Cohort study, Red meat, Processed meat, Prospective cohort study, Food science, Surgery, Internal medicine, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, sweetening agents, prospective studies, eating, meat, fast foods
13 authors
From CH, TR, IR, NL
- Petek Eylül TaneriUniversity of Bern; Bahçeşehir University; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Leiden University Medical Center; University Hospital of Bern; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Swiss Paraplegic Research
- Faina WehrliUniversity of Bern; Bahçeşehir University; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Leiden University Medical Center; University Hospital of Bern; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Swiss Paraplegic Research
- Zayne Milena Roa‐DíazUniversity of Bern; Bahçeşehir University; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Leiden University Medical Center; University Hospital of Bern; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Swiss Paraplegic Research
- Oche Adam ItodoUniversity of Bern; Bahçeşehir University; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Leiden University Medical Center; University Hospital of Bern; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Swiss Paraplegic Research
- Dante SalvadorUniversity of Bern; Bahçeşehir University; Bern University of Applied Sciences; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Leiden University Medical Center; University Hospital of Bern; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Swiss Paraplegic Research
- Hamidreza Raeisi‐DehkordiUniversity of Bern; Bahçeşehir University; Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Leiden University Medical Center; University Hospital of Bern; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Swiss Paraplegic Research
Abstract
Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has increased worldwide during the last decades because they are hyperpalatable, cheap, and ready-to-consume products. However, uncertainty exists about their impact on health. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of UPF consumption with all-cause mortality risk. Five bibliographic databases were searched for relevant studies. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Of 6,951 unique citations, 40 unique prospective cohort studies comprising 5,750,133 individuals were included; publication dates ranged from 1984 to 2021. Compared with low consumption, highest consumption of UPF (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.42), sugar-sweetened beverages (RR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.04, 1.18), artificially sweetened beverages (RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.05, 1.22), and processed meat/red meat (RR = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.10, 1.21) were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality. However, breakfast cereals were associated with a lower mortality risk (RR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.79, 0.92). This meta-analysis suggests that high consumption of UPF, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, processed meat, and processed red meat might increase all-cause mortality, while breakfast cereals might decrease it. Future studies are needed to address lack of standardized methods in UPF categorization.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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