Middle age serum sodium levels in the upper part of normal range and risk of heart failure
Dmitrieva NI, Liu D, Wu CO, Boehm M
European heart journal · 41 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- Department of Health and Human Services
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Government
- Intramural NIH HHS
- Government
- Intramural Research programme
- Grants
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201700004I); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (ZIA-HL006077-10); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHSN268201700003I); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHSN268201700001I); National Institutes of Health (HHSN268201700001I); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201700001I); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201700003I); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHSN268201700002I); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201700005I); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHSN268201700005I); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHSN268201700004I); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201700002I); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201700004C); National Institutes of Health (ZIA-HL006077-10); National Institutes of Health (ZIA HL006077)
Based on 7 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2022-03-04 · Eur Heart J · vol. 43 · issue 35 · pp. 3335–3348
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Cited
- 56 citations · more than 97% of similar papers · 4.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 39 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · PUBLIC-DOMAIN
- Research areas
- Sodium Intake and Health · Electrolyte and hormonal disorders · Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Keywords
- Medicine, Odds ratio, Internal medicine, Confidence interval, Heart failure, Hazard ratio, Risk factor, Sodium, Population, Body mass index, Ageing, Cardiology, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- animals, humans, mice, hypertrophy, left ventricular, sodium, water, retrospective studies, reference values, heart failure
4 authors
From US
- Natalia I. Dmitrieva · correspondingNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Delong LiuNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Colin O. WuNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Manfred BoehmNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Abstract
Aims
With increasing prevalence of heart failure (HF) owing to the ageing population, identification of modifiable risk factors is important. In a mouse model, chronic hypohydration induced by lifelong water restriction promotes cardiac fibrosis. Hypohydration elevates serum sodium. Here, we evaluate the association of serum sodium at middle age as a measure of hydration habits with risk to develop HF.
Methods and results
We analysed data from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study with middle age enrolment (45-66 years) and 25 years of follow-up. Participants without water balance dysregulation were selected: serum sodium within normal range (135-146 mmol/L), not diabetic, not obese and free of HF at baseline (N = 11 814). In time-to-event analysis, HF risk was increased by 39% if middle age serum sodium exceeded 143 mmol/L corresponding to 1% body weight water deficit [hazard ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-1.70]. In a retrospective case-control analysis performed on 70- to 90-year-old attendees of Visit 5 (N = 4961), serum sodium of 142.5-143 mmol/L was associated with 62% increase in odds of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) 1.62, 95% CI 1.03-2.55]. Serum sodium above 143 mmol/L was associated with 107% increase in odds of LVH (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.30-3.28) and 54% increase in odds of HF (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.06-2.23). As a result, prevalence of HF and LVH was increased among 70- to 90-year-old participants with higher middle age serum sodium.
Conclusion
Middle age serum sodium above 142 mmol is a risk factor for LVH and HF. Maintaining good hydration throughout life may slow down decline in cardiac function and decrease prevalence of HF.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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