Plasma and fecal zonulin are not altered by a high green leafy vegetable dietary intervention: secondary analysis of a randomized control crossover trial
Riviere AJ, Smith KS, Schaberg MN, Greene MW, Frugé AD
BMC gastroenterology · 6 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
- Intake measured by
- Food diaries or recalls
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Auburn University
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2022-04-12 · BMC Gastroenterol · vol. 22 · issue 1 · p. 184
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Cited
- 7 citations · more than 72% of similar papers · 0.9× the field average
- References
- 56 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Gut microbiota and health · Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- Medicine, Hepatology, Crossover study, Randomized controlled trial, Internal medicine, Feces, Leafy vegetables, Gastroenterology, Food science, Biology, Alternative medicine, Pathology
- MeSH
- feces, humans, vegetables, obesity, inflammation, vitamin k, haptoglobins, protein precursors, cross-over studies, female, randomized controlled trials as topic, biomarkers, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine
5 authors
From US
- Aaron J. Riviere · correspondingAuburn University; Texas A&M University
- Kristen S. SmithAuburn University
- Megan N. SchabergAuburn University
- Michael W. GreeneAuburn University
- Andrew D. FrugéAuburn University
Abstract
Background
Zonulin is observed in animal models to regulate intestinal permeability and influenced by dietary intake, gut microbiota, and inflammation. We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled crossover trial (NCT03582306) in individuals with a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 and high habitual red meat intake and low habitual green leafy vegetable (GLV) intake.
Methods
Participants were provided with frozen GLV during the first or last four weeks (immediate or delayed intervention) of the twelve-week trial. Biological and anthropometric measures were taken at the beginning and at each four-week interval. A subset of 20 participants was selected for this secondary analysis of the intestinal permeability and inflammation-related biomarkers: serum and fecal zonulin; serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein; 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) and plasma Vitamin K1 as a marker of protocol adherence. Nutrient and food group intake from two-24-h dietary recalls collected at each time point were assessed. Fecal microbiota was measured by 16 s rRNA PCR sequencing. Changes in biological markers, dietary factors, and microbial taxa were assessed with Wilcoxon Sign Ranks Tests. Exploratory analyses of the relationship between changes in outcome variables were conducted with Spearman correlations.
Results
No changes in serum and fecal zonulin and serum LBP were observed. Plasma Vitamin K (p = 0.005) increased, while plasma 8OHdG (p = 0.023) decreased during the intervention compared to the control. The only dietary factors that changed significantly were increases during intervention in Vitamin K and Dark GLV (p < 0.001 for both) compared to control. Fecal microbiota did not change significantly across all times points; however, change in serum zonulin was associated with change in Proteobacteria (ρ = - 0.867, p = 0.001) in females and Bifidobacterium (ρ = - 0.838, p = 0.009) and Bacteroidaceae (ρ = 0.871, p = 0.005) in men.
Conclusions
A high GLV dietary intervention increased serum zonulin levels and had no effect on fecal zonulin. Lack of concordance between several inflammation-associated biomarkers and zonulin corroborate recent reports of limited utility of zonulin in obese adults free of lower gastrointestinal disease. Trial Registration information: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03582306 (NCT03582306) registered on 07/11/2018.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
Community trust
Loading…
How much do you trust this study's findings?
Comments
Sign in to rate, comment on or flag this study.Sign inSomething wrong here?
Flag this study if its information, labels or funding look wrong. An editor reviews every flag.
Sign in to rate, comment on or flag this study.Sign inEducational information about published research. Not medical advice, and not a recommendation to start or stop anything.