Nut Consumption and Effects on Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality in the United States
Wang K, Qian D, Hu Y, Cheng Y, Ge S, Yao Y
American journal of nephrology · 15 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2022-01-01 · Am J Nephrol · vol. 53 · issue 6 · pp. 503–512
- Publisher
- Karger Publishers
- Cited
- 17 citations · more than 80% of similar papers · 1.5× the field average
- References
- 55 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies · Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Keywords
- Medicine, Kidney disease, Hazard ratio, Confidence interval, Proportional hazards model, Population, Logistic regression, Internal medicine, Nut, Demography, Environmental health
- MeSH
- humans, nuts, cardiovascular diseases, diet, nutrition surveys, risk factors, prospective studies, adult, united states, renal insufficiency, chronic
6 authors
From CN
- Koushu WangTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Duo QianTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Yuncan HuTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Yichun ChengTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Shuwang GeTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Ying YaoTongji Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Abstract
Background
Nuts have been found to have beneficial effects on some diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer, in several studies. However, there are few studies to show the effects of nuts on chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, we conducted this study to examine the association between the consumption frequency of nuts and the prevalence and mortality of CKD among adults in the USA.
Methods
We analyzed data from 6,072 individuals (aged ≥20 years) who participated in the NHANES 2003-2006 following the scheduled procedure. Data on death were provided by the CDC. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between nut consumption frequency and the prevalence of CKD. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between nut consumption frequency and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in the CKD and non-CKD populations.
Results
Consuming nuts 1-6 times per week was associated with a lower prevalence of CKD (model 3: OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.91). In addition, higher nut consumption was significantly associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the non-CKD population. For the CKD population, a consistently significant inverse association could be seen between consuming nuts 1-6 per week and all-cause mortality (model 3: HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.47-0.86). No groups showed a significant difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with the reference in the full model.
Conclusion
We recommend the CKD population to have an adequate intake of nuts 1-6 times per week, while the consumption frequency can be more flexible for the non-CKD. Further prospective studies should be conducted to confirm this conclusion.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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