Effects of whole grain intake on glycemic control: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Li Z, Yan H, Chen L, Wang Y, Liang J, Feng X, Hui S, Wang K
Journal of diabetes investigation · 12 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2022-06-09 · J Diabetes Investig · vol. 13 · issue 11 · pp. 1814–1824
- Publisher
- Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes
- Cited
- 17 citations · more than 80% of similar papers · 1.5× the field average
- References
- 50 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Food composition and properties · Celiac Disease Research and Management · Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Keywords
- Medicine, Glycemic, Glycated hemoglobin, Randomized controlled trial, Subgroup analysis, Insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, Diabetes mellitus, Meta-analysis, Glycemic index, Insulin, Population, Internal medicine, Whole grains, Endocrinology, Environmental health, Food science
- MeSH
- humans, insulin, blood glucose, randomized controlled trials as topic, whole grains, glycated hemoglobin
8 authors
From CN
- Zhiwei LiChinese PLA General Hospital; The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA
- Hongjia YanChongqing Medical University
- Liying ChenChinese PLA General Hospital; The Eighth Hospital of Xi'an
- Yixing Wang
- Jingjing Liang
- Xinliang Feng
Abstract
Aims/introduction
Although mounting evidence has suggested an inverse association between the intake of whole grains and glycemic control, findings from randomized controlled trials are still conflicting. The current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of medium/long-term whole grain intake on glycemic control in metabolic syndrome and healthy populations.
Materials and methods
A literature search was carried out to identify qualified studies up to July 2021. The effects of whole grain consumption on glycemic control were calculated using a fixed effects model. Subgroup analysis was used to study whether grouping factors were important influencing factors of heterogeneity between research results.
Results
A total of 32 randomized controlled trials with 2,060 participants were included in the analyses. Whole grain consumption showed a significant inverse regulatory effect on fasting glucose concentration, but no significant effect was found for other glycemic measures, such as fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, glycated hemoglobin and 2-h glucose, in the pooled analysis. Through subgroup analyses, a significant decrease in fasting glucose concentration was observed for studies with a higher whole grain dose, with participants of normal glycemia, and with mixed types of whole grain.
Conclusions
Medium-/long-term whole grain intake reduced the fasting glucose concentration compared with similar refined foods. Appropriate intervention dose and accurate population selection might be the key links for whole grain consumption to exert its glycemic control effect.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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