Consumption of whole grains and risk of type 2 diabetes: A comprehensive systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Ghanbari-Gohari F, Mousavi SM, Esmaillzadeh A
Food science & nutrition · 24 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2022-03-10 · Food Sci Nutr · vol. 10 · issue 6 · pp. 1950–1960
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 45 citations · more than 88% of similar papers · 2.3× the field average
- References
- 67 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nutritional Studies and Diet · Food composition and properties · Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- Medicine, Type 2 diabetes, Meta-analysis, Relative risk, Prospective cohort study, Confidence interval, Observational study, Cohort study, Randomized controlled trial, Internal medicine, MEDLINE, Random effects model, Diabetes mellitus, Demography, Endocrinology, Biology
3 authors
From IR
- Faezeh Ghanbari‐GohariTehran University of Medical Sciences
- Seyed Mohammad MousaviObesity and Eating Habits Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Ahmad Esmaillzadeh · correspondingIsfahan University of Medical Sciences; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Abstract
This study aimed to quantitatively summarize earlier findings on the association between whole grain (WG) intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. We searched related keywords on PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to October 2021. Prospective observational studies investigating the association between WG intake and risk of T2D were included. The random-effects model calculates the summary relative risks by contrasting categories and linear and nonlinear dose-response associations. Eleven prospective cohort studies, including 463,282 participants and 37,249 type 2 diabetes incidents, were analyzed. The pooled relative risk (RR) for the highest versus the lowest WG intake category indicated a 21% decrease in T2D risk (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.85, I 2 = 77%). Each additional 50 grams WG consumption per day was associated with a 23% reduced risk of T2D. The nonlinear association of WG and T2D revealed that 60 grams WG intake per day would give the highest benefit to prevent T2D (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). The findings were not affected by any individual study. No evidence of publication bias was documented. In conclusion, a high intake of WG was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our results.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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