Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Increased Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: The ELSA-Brasil
Canhada SL, Vigo Á, Luft VC, Levy RB, Alvim Matos SM, Del Carmen Molina M, Giatti L, Barreto S, Duncan BB, Schmidt MI
Diabetes care · 47 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Brazilian Ministry of Health (Department of Science and Technology) and Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2022-12-14 · Diabetes Care · vol. 46 · issue 2 · pp. 369–376
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Cited
- 66 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 10.9× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 41 works
- Access
- Free to read
- Research areas
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling · Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology · Health, Technology, Consumer Behavior
- Keywords
- Medicine, Quartile, Metabolic syndrome, Poisson regression, Abdominal obesity, Obesity, Incidence (geometry), Diabetes mellitus, Blood pressure, Relative risk, Environmental health, Demography, Internal medicine, Gerontology, Confidence interval, Population, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- humans, diet, longitudinal studies, adult, middle aged, brazil, female, male, fast foods, metabolic syndrome, food, processed
10 authors
From BR
- Scheine Canhada · correspondingUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Álvaro VigoUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Vivian Cristine LuftUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Renata Bertazzi LevyUniversidade de São Paulo
- Sheila Maria Alvim MatosUniversidade Federal da Bahia; Instituto de Saúde
- María del Carmen Bisi MolinaUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Abstract
Objective
To investigate the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Research design and methods
From 2008 to 2010, we enrolled 15,105 adults, aged 35-74 years, who were employees from six public education and research institutions to assemble the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). We used a food frequency questionnaire to assess UPF consumption (measured in grams per day) at baseline. We then assessed the outcomes of those returning to visits between 2012 and 2014 and between 2017 and 2019. We defined incident MetS by the presence of at least three of the following five abnormalities: high fasting glucose level, high triglyceride level, low HDL cholesterol level, high blood pressure, and abdominal obesity, after excluding those meeting such criteria at baseline. We also excluded those who had missing data or an implausible energy intake, leaving 8,065 participants in the study.
Results
The median age was 49 years, 59% of participants were women, and the median consumption of UPFs was 366 g/day. After 8 years, there were 2,508 new cases of MetS. In robust Poisson regression, adjusting for sociodemographics, behavioral factors, and energy intake, we found a 7% (relative risk [RR] 1.07; 95% CI 1.05-1.08) higher risk of incident MetS for an increase of 150 g/day in UPF consumption. Similarly, those in the fourth quartile (compared with the first quartile) had a 33% increased risk (RR 1.33; 95% CI 1.20-1.47). Further adjustment for BMI attenuated these associations (for 150 g/day increases in UPF consumption and for the fourth quartile compared to the first one, respectively, RR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06; RR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.07-1.32).
Conclusions
Greater consumption of UPFs is associated with an increased risk of MetS. These findings have important implications for diabetes and cardiovascular disease prevention and management.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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