Effects of mixed nut consumption on LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and other cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults
Nora CL, Zhang L, Castro RJ, Marx A, Carman HB, Lum T, Tsimikas S, Hong MY
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 9 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Nonprofit
- American Heart Association
- Nonprofit
- American Heart Association-American Stroke Association
- Grants
- American Heart Association (16GRNT31360007)
Based on 2 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2023-05-15 · Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · vol. 33 · issue 8 · pp. 1529–1538
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 13 citations · more than 78% of similar papers · 1.4× the field average
- References
- 63 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress · Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- Overweight, Adiponectin, Medicine, Obesity, Internal medicine, Macadamia nut, Nut, Lipoprotein, Cholesterol, Endocrinology, Food science, Insulin resistance, Chemistry
- MeSH
- humans, nuts, obesity, inflammation, lipoprotein(a), risk factors, adult, overweight, adiponectin, cholesterol, ldl, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, cardiometabolic risk factors
8 authors
From US
- Chelsea L. NoraSan Diego State University
- Liyue ZhangSan Diego State University
- Robert J. CastroSan Diego State University
- Amanda MarxSan Diego State University
- Hannah B. CarmanSan Diego State University
- Tiffany LumSan Diego State University
Abstract
Background and aims
Elevated LDL-C, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and inflammation are associated with greater risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Consumption of individual nut types decreases these risk factors but knowledge about the effect of mixed nuts on Lp(a) is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of consuming 42.5 g/day of mixed nuts on LDL-C, Lp(a), and inflammatory markers in individuals with overweight or obesity.
Methods and results
In a 16-week randomized control trial, 29 participants with overweight or obesity (BMI 25-40 kg/m2) consumed either 42.5 g/day of mixed nuts (cashews, almonds, macadamia nuts, Brazil nuts, pecans, pistachios, walnuts, and peanuts) or 69 g/day isocaloric pretzels. Blood samples were collected at baseline, week 8, and week 16 for analysis on total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, Lp(a), inflammation markers, glucose, insulin, adiponectin and liver function enzymes. No significant differences were seen in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, Lp(a), or liver function enzymes between the two groups. Participants consuming mixed nuts had significantly lower body fat percentage and diastolic blood pressure, and higher adiponectin (all P ≤ 0.05). C-reactive protein (CRP) and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosis (8-oxodG) showed non-significant decreasing trends and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) had a non-significant increasing trend in the mixed nut group.
Conclusion
Consumption of mixed nuts had no evidence of an effect on LDL-C or Lp(a) throughout the intervention. Notably, mixed nut consumption lowered body fat percentage without significant changes in body weight or BMI. Future studies with larger sample sizes investigating the changing trends of CRP, 8-oxodG, and TAC are warranted.
Clinical trial register
NCT03375866.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC-ND).
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