Dietary nitrate intake in relation to the risk of dementia and imaging markers of vascular brain health: a population-based study
de Crom TOE, Blekkenhorst L, Vernooij MW, Ikram MK, Voortman T, Ikram MA
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 16 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Food frequency questionnaire
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- European Commission
- Nonprofit
- National Heart Foundation of Australia
- Government
- ZonMw
- University or hospital
- Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
- Government
- Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport
- University or hospital
- Erasmus Medisch Centrum
- Government
- Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap
- University or hospital
- Vereniging Trustfonds Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
- Nonprofit
- Alzheimer Nederland
- Government
- Medical Research Council
- Government
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Grants
- Vereniging Trustfonds Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (97030.2021.101.430/057/RB); ZonMw (73305095005); National Heart Foundation of Australia (102498); National Heart Foundation of Australia (1172987); National Health and Medical Research Council (1172987)
Based on 11 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2023-07-06 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 118 · issue 2 · pp. 352–359
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Cited
- 20 citations · more than 91% of similar papers · 2.7× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 47 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects · Folate and B Vitamins Research · Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- Medicine, Dementia, Confidence interval, Interquartile range, Vascular dementia, Population, Hazard ratio, Prospective cohort study, Hyperintensity, Internal medicine, Environmental health, Magnetic resonance imaging, Disease, Radiology
- MeSH
- brain, humans, vegetables, nitrates, risk factors, prospective studies, eating, middle aged, female, male
8 authors
From NL, AU
- Tosca O. E. de CromErasmus MC
- Lauren C. BlekkenhorstEdith Cowan University; Royal Perth Hospital; Hospital Research Foundation; RPH Research Foundation
- Meike Willemijn VernooijErasmus MC
- M. Kamran Ikram · correspondingErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
- M. Kamran IkramErasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Trudy VoortmanErasmus MC
Abstract
Background
Nitric oxide is a free radical that can be produced from dietary nitrate and positively affects cardiovascular health. With cardiovascular health playing an important role in the etiology of dementia, we hypothesized a link between dietary nitrate intake and the risk of dementia.
Objectives
This study aimed to find the association of total, vegetable, and nonvegetable dietary nitrate intake with the risk of dementia and imaging markers of vascular brain health, such as total brain volume, global cerebral perfusion, white matter hyperintensity volume, microbleeds, and lacunar infarcts.
Methods
Between 1990 and 2009, dietary intake was assessed using food-frequency questionnaires in 9543 dementia-free participants (mean age, 64 y; 58% female) from the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study. Participants were followed up for incidence dementia until January 2020. We used Cox models to determine the association between dietary nitrate intake and incident dementia. Using linear mixed models and logistic regression models, we assessed the association of dietary nitrate intake with changes in imaging markers across 3 consecutive examination rounds (mean interval between images 4.6 y).
Results
Participants median dietary nitrate consumption was 85 mg/d (interquartile range, 55 mg/d), derived on average for 81% from vegetable sources. During a mean follow-up of 14.5 y, 1472 participants developed dementia. A higher intake of total and vegetable dietary nitrate was associated with a lower risk of dementia per 50-mg/d increase [hazard ratio (HR): 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87, 0.98; and HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.97, respectively] but not with changes in neuroimaging markers. No association between nonvegetable dietary nitrate intake and the risk of dementia (HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.64, 2.07) or changes in neuroimaging markers were observed.
Conclusions
A higher dietary nitrate intake from vegetable sources was associated with a lower risk of dementia. We found no evidence that this association was driven by vascular brain health.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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