Metabolic changes in response to varying whole-grain wheat and rye intake
Koistinen VM, Haldar S, Tuomainen M, Lehtonen M, Klåvus A, Draper J, Lloyd A, Beckmann M, Bal W, Ross AB, Brandt K, Fawcett L, Seal C, Hanhineva K
NPJ science of food · 11 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Mechanisms only
- Intake measured by
- Food provided by researchers
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Itä-Suomen Yliopisto
- Government
- Academy of Finland
- Nonprofit
- Jane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
Based on 3 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2024-01-30 · NPJ Sci Food · vol. 8 · issue 1 · p. 8
- Publisher
- Nature Portfolio
- Cited
- 12 citations · more than 92% of similar papers · 3.2× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 70 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment · Food composition and properties · Phytoestrogen effects and research
- Keywords
- Metabolite, Whole grains, Enterolactone, Food science, Metabolomics, Urine, Metabolome, Lignan, Chemistry, Biology, Biochemistry, Endocrinology, Phytoestrogens, Botany, Chromatography
14 authors
From FI, SG, GB, NZ, SE
- Ville Koistinen · correspondingUniversity of Turku; University of Eastern Finland
- Sumanto HaldarClinical Nutrition Research Centre; Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation
- Marjo H. TuomainenUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Marko LehtonenUniversity of Eastern Finland
- Anton KlåvusUniversity of Eastern Finland
- John H. DraperAberystwyth University
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown associations between whole-grain intake and lowered disease risk. A sufficient level of whole-grain intake to reach the health benefits has not been established, and there is limited knowledge about the impact of whole-grain intake on metabolite levels. In this clinical intervention study, we aimed to identify plasma and urine metabolites associated with two different intake levels of whole-grain wheat and rye and to correlate them with clinical plasma biomarkers. Healthy volunteers (N = 68) were divided into two groups receiving either whole-grain wheat or whole-grain rye in two four-week interventions with 48 and 96 g/d of whole grains consumed. The metabolomics of the plasma samples was performed with UPLC-QTOF-MS. Plasma alkylresorcinols were quantified with GC-MS and plasma and urinary mammalian lignans with HPLC-ECD. The high-dose intervention impacted the metabolite profile, including microbial metabolites, more in the rye-enriched diet compared with wheat. Among the increased metabolites were alkylresorcinol glucuronides, sinapyl alcohol, and pipecolic acid betaine, while the decreased metabolites included acylcarnitines and ether lipids. Plasma alkylresorcinols, urinary enterolactone, and total mammalian lignans reflected the study diets in a dose-dependent manner. Several key metabolites linked with whole-grain consumption and gut microbial metabolism increased in a linear manner between the two interventions. The results reveal that an increase in whole-grain intake, particularly rye, is strongly reflected in the metabolite profile, is correlated with clinical variables, and suggests that a diet rich in whole grains promotes the growth and/or metabolism of microbes producing potentially beneficial microbial metabolites.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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