Effect of Isocaloric, Time-Restricted Eating on Body Weight in Adults With Obesity : A Randomized Controlled Trial
Maruthur NM, Pilla SJ, White K, Wu B, Maw MTT, Duan D, Turkson-Ocran RA, Zhao D, Charleston J, Peterson CM, Dougherty RJ, Schrack JA, Appel LJ, Guallar E, Clark JM
Annals of internal medicine · 23 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Nonprofit
- American Heart Association
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Institute on Aging
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Government
- NIA NIH HHS
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32 HL110952); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23 DK133690); American Heart Association (17SFRN33560006); National Institute on Aging (K01AG080122); American Heart Association (17SFRN33590069); National Institutes of Health (5T32HL110952); National Institutes of Health (K23DK133690); National Institutes of Health (K01AG080122)
Based on 8 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2024-04-19 · Ann Intern Med · vol. 177 · issue 5 · pp. 549–558
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Cited
- 20 citations · more than 96% of similar papers · 4.5× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 41 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Dietary Effects on Health · Enhanced Recovery After Surgery · Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- Medicine, Weight loss, Body weight, Obesity, Calorie, Body mass index, Physiology, Internal medicine, Endocrinology
- MeSH
- humans, prediabetic state, insulin resistance, obesity, body weight, weight loss, blood glucose, glucose tolerance test, fasting, energy intake, adult, middle aged, female, male
15 authors
From US, CA
- Nisa M. MaruthurJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Scott J. PillaJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Karen WhiteJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Banggu WuJohns Hopkins University; University of Toronto; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- May Thu Thu MawUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore; Capital University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Daisy DuanJohns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
Abstract
Background
Time-restricted eating (TRE) lowers body weight in many studies. Whether TRE induces weight loss independent of reductions in calorie intake, as seen in rodent studies, is unknown.
Objective
To determine the effect of TRE versus a usual eating pattern (UEP) on body weight in the setting of stable caloric intake.
Design
Randomized, isocaloric feeding study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03527368).
Setting
Clinical research unit.
Participants
Adults with obesity and prediabetes or diet-controlled diabetes.
Intervention
Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to TRE (10-hour eating window, 80% of calories before 1 p.m.) or UEP (≤16-hour window, ≥50% of calories after 5 p.m.) for 12 weeks. Both groups had the same nutrient content and were isocaloric with total calories determined at baseline.
Measurements
Primary outcome was change in body weight at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes were fasting glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose area under the curve by oral glucose tolerance test, and glycated albumin. We used linear mixed models to evaluate the effect of interventions on outcomes.
Results
All 41 randomly assigned participants (mean age, 59 years; 93% women; 93% Black race; mean BMI, 36 kg/m2) completed the intervention. Baseline weight was 95.6 kg (95% CI, 89.6 to 101.6 kg) in the TRE group and 103.7 kg (CI, 95.3 to 112.0 kg) in the UEP group. At 12 weeks, weight decreased by 2.3 kg (CI, 1.0 to 3.5 kg) in the TRE group and by 2.6 kg (CI, 1.5 to 3.7 kg) in the UEP group (average difference TRE vs. UEP, 0.3 kg [CI, -1.2 to 1.9 kg]). Change in glycemic measures did not differ between groups.
Limitation
Small, single-site study; baseline differences in weight by group.
Conclusion
In the setting of isocaloric eating, TRE did not decrease weight or improve glucose homeostasis relative to a UEP, suggesting that any effects of TRE on weight in prior studies may be due to reductions in caloric intake.
Primary funding source
American Heart Association.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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