The association between major gastrointestinal cancers and red and processed meat and fish consumption: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the observational studies
Poorolajal J, Mohammadi Y, Fattahi-Darghlou M, Almasi-Moghadam F
PloS one · 19 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- University or hospital
- Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
- University or hospital
- Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
- Grants
- Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (140010218750)
Based on 2 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2024-06-26 · PLoS One · vol. 19 · issue 6 · p. e0305994
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science
- Cited
- 26 citations · more than 90% of similar papers · 2.3× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 36 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · PUBLIC-DOMAIN
- Research areas
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Keywords
- Meta-analysis, Red meat, Odds ratio, Medicine, Publication bias, Observational study, Colorectal cancer, Confidence interval, Internal medicine, Processed meat, Food science, Biology, Pathology, Cancer
- MeSH
- animals, fishes, humans, gastrointestinal neoplasms, diet, risk factors, meat, meat products, seafood, observational studies as topic, red meat
4 authors
From IR
- Jalal PoorolajalHamedan University of Medical Sciences
- Younes MohammadiHamedan University of Medical Sciences
- Marzieh Fattahi-DarghlouHamedan University of Medical Sciences
- Fatemeh Almasi-Moghadam · correspondingHamedan University of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Background
The association between red meat, fish, and processed meat consumption and the risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains inconclusive despite several investigations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to update the existing scientific evidence.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until May 20, 2023. We analyzed observational studies that examined the associations between red and processed meat and fish consumption and GI cancers. We assessed between-study heterogeneity using the χ2 and τ2 tests, as well as I2 statistics. We explored the likelihood of publication bias using Begg's and Egger's tests and trim-and-fill analysis. We reported the overall effect sizes as odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random-effects model.
Results
Of the 21,004 studies identified, 95 studies involving 5,794,219 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The consumption of high levels of red meat, as compared to low levels, was found to significantly increase the risk of developing esophageal, pancreatic, liver, colon, rectal, and colorectal cancers. Similarly, the consumption of high levels of processed meat, as compared to low levels, significantly increased the risk of pancreatic, colon, rectal, and colorectal cancers. In contrast, the consumption of high levels of fish, as compared to low levels, significantly reduced the risk of colon, rectal, and colorectal cancers.
Conclusions
This meta-analysis provides updated evidence on the association between red meat, processed meat, and fish consumption and the risk of developing five major types of GI cancers.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC0).
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