Hot But Not Cold Water Immersion Mitigates the Decline in Rate of Force Development Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
Benoît S, Nicolas B, Grégoire MP, François B, Abdellah H, Hicham M, Saïd A, Guillaume C
Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 10 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Funding not disclosed
Publication
- Published
- 2024-07-04 · Med Sci Sports Exerc · vol. 56 · issue 12 · pp. 2362–2371
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Cited
- 13 citations · more than 88% of similar papers · 2.2× the field average
- References
- 65 works
- Access
- Paywalled
- Research areas
- Exercise and Physiological Responses · Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- Electromyography, Immersion (mathematics), Muscle damage, Medicine, Anesthesia, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Internal medicine, Mathematics
- MeSH
- muscle, skeletal, humans, water, electromyography, exercise, immersion, pain threshold, torque, adult, male, muscle strength, cold temperature, hot temperature, young adult, myalgia
8 authors
From FR, CH, CA, MA
- Sue BenoitAdaptation physiologiques à l'exercice et réadaptation à l'effort; Université de Picardie Jules Verne
- BOURDILLON NICOLASUniversity of Lausanne
- Millet GrégoireUniversity of Lausanne
- BILLAUT FRANÇOISUniversité Laval
- HASSAR ABDELLAHUniversité Laval
- MOUFTI HICHAMInstitut des Hautes Études de Management
Abstract
Purpose
In recent years, there has been significant advancement in the guidelines for recovery protocols involving heat or cold water immersion. However, comparison between the effects of hot and cold water immersion on key markers of neuromuscular recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is lacking.
Methods
Thirty physically active males completed an individualized and tailored EIMD protocol immediately followed by one of the following recovery interventions: cold water immersion (11°C, CWI 11 ), hot water immersion (41°C, HWI 41 ), or warm-bath control (36°C, CON 36 ). Gastrointestinal temperature was tracked throughout HWI 41 . Knee extensors' maximal isokinetic strength (peak torque ( Tpeak )) and explosive strength (late-phase rate of force development (RFD 100-200 )) were measured before EIMD (pre-), 24 h (post-24 h), and 48 h (post-48 h) post-EIMD. In addition, pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured to quantify the recovery from muscle soreness. Surface electromyography signals (sEMG) from the vastus lateralis were captured to extract the rates of electromyography rise (REMGR) and the spectral power in the low-frequency band.
Results
At post-48 h, Tpeak returned to baseline values following both CWI 11 (-8.3% ± 6.8%, P = 0.079) and HWI 41 (-1.4% ± 4.1%, P = 1). In contrast, RFD 100-200 (-2.3% ± 29.3%, P = 1) and PPT (+5.6% ± 14.6%, P = 1) returned to baseline values at post-48 h only following HWI 41 . Spectral analysis of the sEMG signal revealed that the low-frequency band was significantly increased following CWI 11 (+9.0% ± 0.52%, P = 0.012). REMGR was unchanged regardless of the condition (all P > 0.05).
Conclusions
A single session of HWI 41 , rather than CWI 11 , improved the recovery of the late-phase rate of force development following EIMD in physically active males. This suggests that in athletic contexts where a rapid force development is a key performance determinant, hot bath should be preferred over cold bath.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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