Association between ultraprocessed foods consumption, eating disorders, food addiction and body image: a systematic review
Pereira T, Mocellin MC, Curioni C
BMJ open · 9 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Systematic review (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Grants
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior ((Code 001))
Based on 1 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2024-12-01 · BMJ Open · vol. 14 · issue 12 · p. e091223
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Cited
- 14 citations · more than 82% of similar papers · 1.7× the field average
- References
- 60 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY-NC
- Research areas
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors · Culinary Culture and Tourism · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Keywords
- Medicine, PsycINFO, Systematic review, Food addiction, Eating disorders, MEDLINE, Scopus, Checklist, Critical appraisal, Data extraction, Binge eating, Cross-sectional study, Addiction, Environmental health, Psychiatry, Alternative medicine, Psychology, Pathology
- MeSH
- humans, cross-sectional studies, feeding behavior, body image, fast foods, feeding and eating disorders, food addiction
3 authors
From BR
- T.D.S. Pereira · correspondingUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Michel Carlos MocellinUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Cíntia Chaves CurioniUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to assess the association between ultraprocessed foods (UPF) consumption, eating disorders (EDs), food addiction and body image concerns.
Design
Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
Data sources
Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS and APA PsycInfo databases, for studies published between 2009 and July 2024.
Eligibility criteria
We included cross-sectional and cohort studies involving individuals of all ages, evaluating the association between UPF consumption, classified by the 'NOVA system', EDs, food addiction and body image. No restrictions were placed on diagnostic criteria, age and gender. Studies that modelled UPF consumption as both an exposure and an outcome were included.
Data extraction and synthesis
Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist.
Results
We did not identify any longitudinal studies. Nine cross-sectional studies were included (n=54 367 participants). One study assessed EDs types, including restrictive, bulimic, binge eating and other (not otherwise specified); three studies examined body dissatisfaction, while five studies investigated food addiction. The consumption of UPF was significantly associated with bulimic, binge eating and other ED and food addiction. No significant associations were identified between restrictive ED and body dissatisfaction.
Conclusion
This systematic review highlights a significant gap in research on this topic. Although some associations have been found, the findings are limited to cross-sectional studies with methodological limitations. The lack of longitudinal studies emphasises the need for more rigorous research to accurately assess the direction of these relationships.
Prospero registration number
CRD42022365154.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC).
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