The Impact of Low Serum Magnesium Levels on COVID-19 Severity and Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Magnesium Supplementation: A Systematic Review
Majumder MH, Sazzad S, Hasin R, Brishti TJ, Tabassum FN, Ahamed T, Masud AA, Akter F
Cureus · 2 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Systematic review (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2025-01-08 · Cureus · vol. 17 · issue 1 · p. e77118
- Publisher
- Cureus, Inc.
- Cited
- 1 citation · more than 36% of similar papers · 0.3× the field average
- References
- 51 works
- Access
- Open access (free to publish) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Magnesium in Health and Disease · Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment · Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- Medicine, Hypermagnesemia, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Magnesium, Internal medicine, Disease, Hypomagnesemia
8 authors
From US, BD
- Mehrab Hasan MajumderIndiana University Health; Bangladesh Medical University; Ball Memorial Hospital; Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute; Ibrahim Medical College; Saint Louis University; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis; Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
- Sadman Sazzad · correspondingIndiana University Health; Bangladesh Medical University; Ball Memorial Hospital; Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute; Ibrahim Medical College; Saint Louis University; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis; Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
- Rabeya HasinIndiana University Health; Bangladesh Medical University; Ball Memorial Hospital; Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute; Ibrahim Medical College; Saint Louis University; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis; Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
- Tasnim Jabbar BrishtiIbrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute; Ibrahim Medical College
- Fateha Nadia TabassumIndiana University Health; Bangladesh Medical University; Ball Memorial Hospital; Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute; Ibrahim Medical College; Saint Louis University; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis; Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
- Tanvir AhamedIndiana University Health; Bangladesh Medical University; Ball Memorial Hospital; Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute; Ibrahim Medical College; Saint Louis University; Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis; Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
Abstract
In this review, our objective was to analyze the association between serum magnesium (Mg) levels, Mg supplementation, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, searching major databases until February 2023. Twenty-six studies (11,363 patients) were included: 22 examining serum Mg levels (8474 patients) and four investigating Mg supplementations (2889 patients). Most studies indicated an association between lower serum Mg levels and increased COVID-19 severity, including higher mortality rates and prolonged recovery periods. Critical patients demonstrated significantly lower Mg levels compared to moderate/severe cases. However, some studies reported conflicting findings, with hypermagnesemia also associated with poor outcomes in specific patient populations. Regarding supplementation, higher dietary Mg intake correlated with shorter hospitalization duration and faster recovery. Mg supplementation exceeding 450 mg showed potential benefits, including increased antibody titers in pregnant women and reduced oxygen support requirements in elderly patients when combined with vitamins D and B12. While evidence suggests a potential relationship between Mg status and COVID-19 outcomes, findings are heterogeneous. Further investigation through well-designed clinical trials is required to gain deeper insights into the role of Mg in COVID-19 pathophysiology and the therapeutic potential of Mg supplementation.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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