Funded in part by Dexcom
Time-restricted eating, caloric reduction, and unrestricted eating effects on weight and metabolism: a randomized trial
Oldenburg N, Mashek DG, Harnack L, Wang Q, Manoogian ENC, Evanoff N, Dengel DR, Taddese A, Yentzer BP, Lysne L, Wong A, Hanson M, Anderson JD, Alvear A, LaPage N, Ryder J, Varady K, Gao Z, Ryu S, Bolan PJ, Bergman B, Helgeson E, Panda S, Chow LS
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 23 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Randomized controlled trial (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- Nonprofit
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- University or hospital
- University of Minnesota
- Company
- Dexcom
- University or hospital
- Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Government
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
- Government
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Government
- NIH HHS
- Government
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Government
- UMN CTSA Award
- Government
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Government
- NIBIB NIH HHS
- Grants
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (P41 EB027061); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (S10OD017974); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK124484); National Institutes of Health (1s10od017974-01); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UM1TR004405); Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (76014); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P41EB027061)
Based on 13 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2025-02-19 · Obesity (Silver Spring) · vol. 33 · issue 4 · pp. 671–684
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Cited
- 27 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 14.4× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 21 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Research areas
- Dietary Effects on Health · Enhanced Recovery After Surgery · Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- Medicine, Glycemic, Weight loss, Internal medicine, Caloric theory, Randomized controlled trial, Endocrinology, Obesity, Insulin
- MeSH
- humans, obesity, body weight, weight loss, blood glucose, absorptiometry, photon, body mass index, glucose clamp technique, caloric restriction, fasting, body composition, energy metabolism, energy intake, adult, middle aged, female, male, glycated hemoglobin
24 authors
From US
- Niki C. OldenburgUniversity of Minnesota
- Douglas G. MashekUniversity of Minnesota
- Lisa HarnackUniversity of Minnesota
- Qi WangUniversity of Minnesota
- Emily N. C. ManoogianSalk Institute for Biological Studies
- Nicholas G. EvanoffUniversity of Minnesota
Abstract
Objective
Metabolic improvements may precede weight loss. We compared the effects of self-selected 8-h time-restricted eating (TRE), 15% caloric restriction (CR), and unrestricted eating (UE) on weight, body composition, caloric intake, glycemic measures, and metabolic flexibility.
Methods
In this 12-week randomized-controlled trial, we measured weight (primary outcome), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry/magnetic resonance imaging), caloric intake (24-h recall), metabolic flexibility (indirect calorimetry during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), and glycemic measures (hemoglobin A1c, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, continuous glucose monitoring).
Results
Of the 88 enrolled participants, 81 (92%) completed the trial (mean [SD], age, 43.2 [10.5] years, BMI, 36.2 [5.1] kg/m2; 54.5% female, 84.1% White). Final eating windows were 9.8 h (95% CI: 9.0 to 10.6) for TRE, 12.9 h (95% CI: 11.9 to 13.9) for CR, and 11.8 h (95% CI: 11.0 to 12.7) for UE. Compared with UE (n = 29), weight changes were -1.4 kg (95% CI: -4.5 to 1.7; p = 0.53) with TRE (n = 30) and -2.5 kg (95% CI: -5.8 to 0.8; p = 0.18) with CR (n = 29). TRE showed lower metabolic flexibility than CR (-0.041 [95% CI: -0.080 to -0.002]). Weight, body composition, caloric intake, and glycemic measures were similar among groups. Eating window reduction correlated with decreased caloric intake and visceral fat.
Conclusions
In a 12-week intervention, TRE did not lead to significant improvements in weight, average body composition, or glycemic or metabolic measures compared with CR or UE.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY-NC-ND).
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