Funded in part by dsm-firmenich
A systematic review and meta-analysis of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and vitamin D status worldwide
Dunlop E, Pham NM, Van Hoang D, Mazahery H, Neo B, Shrapnel J, Kalmpourtzidou A, Chai KEK, Ng L, Black LJ
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 18 citations
Review labels
Neutral facts our review recorded about how this study was done. They describe method, never whether we like the result.
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Industry funded
- University or hospital
- Curtin University of Technology
- Company
- dsm-firmenich
- Authors
- At least one author declares a financial tie to industry
Based on 2 listed funder(s) and full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2025-07-13 · J Public Health (Oxf) · vol. 47 · issue 4 · pp. e520–e529
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Cited
- 24 citations · more than 99% of similar papers · 7.5× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 30 works
- Access
- Open access (hybrid journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Vitamin D Research Studies · Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease · Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Keywords
- Medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Meta-analysis, Confidence interval, vitamin D deficiency, Public health, Demography, Epidemiology, Cohort study, Environmental health, MEDLINE, Internal medicine, Pathology, Biology
- MeSH
- humans, vitamin d deficiency, vitamin d, prevalence, cross-sectional studies, adult, female, male, global health
10 authors
From AU, IT
- Eleanor DunlopDeakin University; Curtin University
- Ngoc Minh PhamCurtin University
- Dong Van HoangCurtin University
- Hajar MazaheryCurtin University
- Belinda NeoCurtin University
- Jillian ShrapnelCurtin University
Abstract
Background
Vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern; however, data on its global prevalence are limited. We reported pooled mean circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and estimated the prevalence of concentration according to commonly reported thresholds for general, healthy populations worldwide.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus and grey literature sites. We included cross-sectional and cohort studies published since 2011 that reported circulating 25(OH)D concentration in general, healthy populations of all ages. Using random-effects meta-analysis, we pooled data on circulating 25(OH)D concentration and prevalence estimates according to thresholds by continent, country, latitude, sex, adults/children, season, assay, and study quality. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021242466.
Results
Eligible publications (n = 586) included 2 370 136 eligible participants across 102 countries. The pooled mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) overall circulating 25(OH)D concentration was 53.9 (52.6-55.1) nmol/L (529 publications; 1 412 281 participants). The pooled prevalence of concentration < 30, < 50, and < 75 nmol/L was 18, 47, and 75%, respectively (403 studies; 1 508 830 participants).
Conclusions
Low vitamin D status is prevalent across general, healthy populations worldwide. Governments, health organizations and policy makers could use these findings to identify regions in need of public health strategies for improving vitamin D status.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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