Oral magnesium and outcomes in US veterans with heart failure
Yin Y, Costello RB, Fonarow GC, Heidenreich PA, Morgan CJ, Faselis C, Cheng Y, Zullo AR, Liu S, Lam PH, Rosanoff A, Vargas JD, Gottlieb SS, Deedwania P, Moore HJ, Shao Y, Sheriff HM, Wu WC, Zeng-Treitler Q, Ahmed A
European heart journal · 5 citations
How it was studied
- Design
- Cohort study (classified by our AI screen)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Clinical events such as disease or death
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
- Government
- Office of Dietary Supplements
- Government
- Department of Veterans' Affairs, Australian Government
- University or hospital
- Norges Idrettshøgskole
- Government
- National Institutes of Health
- Government
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Government
- NIH
- Government
- US Government
- Government
- VA
- Government
- VA Information Resource Center
- Government
- HSRD VA
- Government
- NHLBI
- Government
- NIH HHS
- Government
- VA/CMS
- Government
- NHLBI NIH HHS
- Government
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
- Government
- Department of Veterans Affairs
- Grants
- Office of Dietary Supplements (5R01HL156518)
Based on 16 listed funder(s).
Publication
- Published
- 2025-10-14 · Eur Heart J · vol. 47 · issue 1 · pp. 80–90
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Cited
- 6 citations · more than 92% of similar papers · 3.0× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 46 works
- Access
- Open access (repository copy)
- Research areas
- Magnesium in Health and Disease · Potassium and Related Disorders · Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- Heart failure, Magnesium, Clinical trial, Risk factor, MEDLINE
- MeSH
- humans, magnesium deficiency, magnesium, treatment outcome, hospitalization, administration, oral, aged, middle aged, veterans, united states, female, male, heart failure
20 authors
From US
- Ying Yin · correspondingGeorge Washington University; Veterans Health Administration
- Rebecca B. CostelloNational Institutes of Health; Office of Dietary Supplements
- Gregg C. FonarowUniversity of California, Los Angeles
- Paul A. HeidenreichVeterans Health Administration; Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research; Stanford University
- Charity Johanna MorganVeterans Health Administration; University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Charles J. FaselisUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; George Washington University; Veterans Health Administration
Abstract
Background and aims
Magnesium deficiency is associated with poor outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF), but less is known about the impact of oral magnesium therapy. This study aimed to examine the association of oral magnesium with outcomes in patients with HF and whether it depends on baseline serum magnesium.
Methods
Of 54 696 Veterans with HF (2001-2023) and hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium <1.7 mg/dL), 10 695 were initiated on oral magnesium (median dose, 420 mg/day). A propensity score-matched cohort of 21 098 patients (treated, n = 10 549) balanced on 71 baseline characteristics was assembled while remaining outcome-blinded. This process was repeated to assemble a matched cohort of 11 634 patients (treated, n = 5817) with normomagnesemia (serum magnesium, 1.7-2.3 mg/dL). Hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for one-year outcomes associated with oral magnesium were estimated.
Results
In the hypomagnesemia cohort, HF hospitalization or death occurred in 21.7% of patients not receiving and 20.1% receiving oral magnesium (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.86-0.97). Respective HRs (95% CIs) in subgroups with serum magnesium 1.6 (n = 5929), 1.3-1.5 (n = 11 293) and 1.8 mg/dL, and not significant at 1.5-1.8 mg/dL.
Conclusions
Oral magnesium therapy was associated with a lower risk of HF hospitalization or death in patients with HF and hypomagnesemia. Future clinical trials need to confirm these findings.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher.
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