Does Walnut Supplementation Have Favourable Effect Apolipoprotein A, B and Blood Pressure? A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Evidence of Randomised Clinical Trials
Musazadeh V, Mahmoudinezhad M, Hosseini-Roknabadi SM, Falahatzadeh M, Shidfar F
Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 1 citation
How it was studied
- Design
- Meta-analysis (indexed by PubMed)
- Studied in
- People
- Main outcome
- Health markers and function
- Intake measured by
- Not stated
Who paid for it
- Funding
- Independent funding
Based on full-text disclosure statement.
Publication
- Published
- 2026-03-01 · Endocrinol Diabetes Metab · vol. 9 · issue 2 · p. e70171
- Publisher
- Bioscientifica
- Cited
- 2 citations · more than 95% of similar papers · 5.6× the field average
- Impact
- Top 10% most cited in its field
- References
- 50 works
- Access
- Open access (journal) · CC-BY
- Research areas
- Nuts composition and effects · Nuclear Structure and Function · Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
- Keywords
- Apolipoprotein B, Blood pressure, Meta-analysis, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Confidence interval, Blood lipids
- MeSH
- humans, juglans, apolipoprotein a-i, apolipoproteins b, blood pressure, dietary supplements, randomized controlled trials as topic
5 authors
From IR
- Vali MusazadehIran University of Medical Sciences
- Mahsa MahmoudinezhadUrmia University; Urmia University of Medical Sciences
- Seyed Mohammad Hosseini‐RoknabadiIran University of Medical Sciences
- Maryam Falahatzadeh · correspondingShiraz University of Medical Sciences
- Farzad Shidfar · correspondingIran University of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Backgrounds
Many randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have revealed the benefits of walnut on apolipoproteins and blood pressure, but the results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis of RCTs aimed to assess the effects of walnut on Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and blood pressure.
Methods
A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane and Embase databases was conducted, and the search time frame was from the establishment of the database up to January of 2025. A random effects model was applied to estimate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
Twenty-five RCTs comprising 26 intervention arms with 2155 patients were included. Walnut significantly decreased ApoB (WMD = -0.06; 95% CI: -0.10, -0.01, p = 0.002), but did not affect ApoA1 (WMD = -0.50; 95% CI: -1.34, 0.33, p = 0.249), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = -1.20; 95% CI: -4.02, 1.61, p = 0.401) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD = -0.44; 95% CI: -2.55, 1.67, p = 0.682).
Conclusion
Walnut intake was associated with reduced ApoB levels, with no significant effects observed on ApoA1, SBP, or DBP. Future research involving large-scale, international RCTs is essential to validate its therapeutic potential further.
Abstract via Europe PMC. Copyright remains with the authors or publisher (CC BY).
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